Global stock markets are off to a strong start in 2021 as the world begins to emerge from the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, vaccinations are increasing, the economy is expanding, unemployment is falling, and stimulus continues to flow through the economy. With the consensus crowding into an optimistic corner, many investors are wondering if sentiment may be running too hot.
Against a backdrop of historic fiscal and monetary stimulus, the global economy is emerging from the pandemic. With vaccination rates increasing—nearly 50% of the adult population in the U.S. have received at least one shot—and looser restrictions on activity, it is certainly understandable for investors to expect a rosy environment for stocks. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic a little over a year ago, and now a mere 15% of respondents to the recent Bank of America Global Fund Manager Survey view it as the largest tail risk. With the path forward ostensibly skewed to the upside, sentiment has become increasingly optimistic.
The S&P 500 has rallied nearly 90% since its low on March 23, 2020 and is already up 10% in 2021 without so much as a 5% pullback on a closing basis. “Nothing changes sentiment like price” is an old saying, and 23 new all-time highs in 2021 (the most this early in any year since 1998) have made investors quite optimistic; however, excessive optimism can open the door for contrarian sellers to weigh on prices.
This time around, many sentiment gauges are becoming extremely bullish, which could be a near-term contrarian warning.
- The American Association of Individual Investors Sentiment Survey recently showed bulls outnumber bears by the most since January 2018.
- The 10- and 20-day average put/call ratios from the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) are above their 95th percentile—suggesting option markets are flashing a good deal of complacency. (Put options offer downside protection and express a negative view, while calls express a positive view by offering the right to buy.)
- The Bank of America Global Fund Manager survey also showed that portfolio managers are maintaining significant underweights to cash, implying investors are all-in on the “risk on” environment.
Sentiment is not the only warning sign near-term. The S&P 500’s 10% run from early March has the index at all-time highs but has also pushed it to its most overbought status since early September based on its 14-Day Relative Strength Index (RSI), a widely-used momentum measure. The short-term, overbought conditions that we are experiencing now are a bullish indicator over the intermediate term, as they show investor enthusiasm for equities. But in the near-term they can lead to more volatility, like we saw in September when the S&P 500 fell 9.9% before rallying nearly 12% in the fourth quarter.
Another reason to be optimistic over the course of 2021 is that internals of the market are as strong as they have ever been. In fact, more than 95% of components in the S&P 500 Index are above their 200-day moving averages, a reading seen only two other times in the past 30 years. Perhaps most importantly, those two other times were late 2003 and late 2009, near the beginning of major bull market runs—not the end.
Overall, it would not be surprising to see some volatility over the coming months as markets digest these strong momentum surges. The previous two instances when we saw 95% of the components in the S&P 500 above their 200-day moving average in 2004 and 2010 opened the door to periods of consolidation and choppiness. In fact, 2010 saw as much as a 16% correction in the middle of the year before moving back to new highs before the end of the year. In the past bull markets tend to catch their breath in year two, and we could see a similar theme this year. However, as we enter the worst six-month period of the year, “Sell in May and go away,” pullbacks may give investors opportunities to add to equities depending on objectives and risk tolerance.
We have come a long way and optimism is perfectly normal at this stage of the rally. Despite the frothy sentiment, strong internals suggest that stocks could go higher from current levels.
The views expressed are provided for information only and are not to be used or considered as an offer or solicitation to buy or sell securities or investment products. To determine which investment(s) may be appropriate for you consult your financial advisor.
- The economic forecast set forth in this presentation may not develop as predicted, and there can be no guarantee that strategies promoted will be successful.
- All performance is historical and is no guarantee of future results.
- Data provided by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, Gary Shilling, William Dunkelberg, Bloomberg, and Reuters.
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